stratum spinosum การใช้

• Hyphae penetrate to the depth of the stratum spinosum, and appear as weakly basophilic structures.
• Vitamin D is produced in the two innermost strata, the stratum basale and stratum spinosum.
• They divide to form the keratinocytes of the " stratum spinosum ", which migrate superficially.
• They are pushed upward into the stratum spinosum by the continuous formation of new cells in the basal layer.
• Involucrin is synthesised in the stratum spinosum and cross linked in the stratum granulosum by the transglutaminase enzyme that makes it highly stable.
• Lamellar bodies are tubular or ovoid-shaped secretory organelles derived from the Golgi apparatus of keratinocytes in the upper part of stratum spinosum.
• The resulting vesicles are an intraepidermal clefts between the stratum corneum and stratum spinosum and is located above the basal cells ( suprabasal ).
• The dermal papillae may be exposed after top layers of the dermis ( stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale ) have been removed.
• They are surrounded by an oily substance that is the result of the exocytosis of lamellar bodies accumulated while the keratinocytes are moving through the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.
• The white material is made up of debris, fibrin, and desquamated epithelium that has been invaded by yeast cells and hyphae that invade to the depth of the stratum spinosum.
• Thick epidermis in the soles and palms consists of five strata; from outer to inner, they are : the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale.
• During this differentiation process, keratinocytes permanently withdraw from the cell cycle, initiate expression of epidermal differentiation markers, and move suprabasally as they become part of the stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum and eventually become corneocytes in the stratum corneum.
• Other significant work by Bizzozero included research of haematopoiesis in the bone marrow, studies involving phagocytosis in the eye, and the identification of desmosomes ( nodes of Bizzozero ), structures that he first discovered in the stratum spinosum of epidermis.
• "' Spinous cells "', or "'prickle cells "', are keratin producing stratum spinosum ( prickly layer ) of the epidermis and provide a continuous net-like layer of protection for underlying tissue.